A group called Fighting Brutality and Impunity (FBI)

As reported, there have been extrajudicial killings and abductions in Kenya. Data on extrajudicial killings (often police executions) and abductions (including enforced disappearances) in Kenya for 2024 and mid-2025. These incidents increased amid widespread anti-government protests, particularly against the 2024 Finance Bill, and ongoing economic grievances through 2025. Data are primarily from human rights organizations such as Missing Voices, the Kenya National Commission on Human Rights (KNCHR), Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch (HRW), and the Independent Medico-Legal Unit (IMLU), as well as media reports. Note that exact figures may vary slightly due to underreporting, ongoing investigations, and different classifications (e.g., some abductions result in killings). The official government continues to deny involvement, but evidence from autopsies, witness statements, and independent investigations points to complicity by state security forces in many cases. In 2024, Kenya saw a significant increase in these violations, largely due to the protests from June to August. The 2024 Missing Voices Annual Report, compiled by a coalition of human rights groups, provides the most comprehensive statistics: Extrajudicial killings: 104 cases, a 12% decrease from 118 in 2023, but still the highest number in recent years when kidnappings are included. Most cases were police-related, with Nairobi County recording the highest number (e.g., 90 victims identified in one breakdown). The deadliest months were June and July, linked to protests against the Finance Bill, in which at least 60 people were killed by police. HRW documented police violence during protests, including shootings and cover-ups (e.g., deaths falsely reported as accidents). 55 cases, a 450% increase compared to 11 in 2023 for removals. The KNCHR reported 82 abductions from June to December. 29 people were still missing at the end of the year. Many targeted protesters, activists, and critics; some reappeared tortured or dead. For example, during the June protests, 34 cases of enforced disappearances and 23 killings were documented. Total number of cases: 159 (104 killings + 55 enforced disappearances). Other sources confirm: Amnesty International confirms: At least 104 extrajudicial executions, over 600 arbitrary arrests, and dozens of disappearances during protests. KNCHR confirms: 57 abductions since June, of which 22 are alive, 6 are dead, and 29 are missing. Reuters confirms: Following the protests, kidnappings of critics spiked, with police denying involvement despite evidence. Impunity remains high; according to IMLO and OMCT reports, no official was prosecuted for these offenses in 2024. Data for 2025 are incomplete and focus on ongoing trends, including renewed protests in June 2025. At least 63 cases of extrajudicial killings were documented by the KNCHR in early 2025, mostly related to the repression of protests. OMCT warned of a "new wave" of killings in the wake of the June 2025 protests. Reuters pointed to the cover-up of protester deaths. The KNCHR reported 89 cases of kidnappings, 29 of which were still missing in January. This includes critics and refugees (e.g., seven Turkish refugees were kidnapped and deported in October 2024, but this affected the trends for 2025). Until mid-2025, kidnappings targeted online critics and protesters. For example, six kidnappings were reported in December 2024-2025. Amnesty International noted that bodies of kidnapped victims were found in morgues, contradicting police reports. Estimates: A total of over 150 cases by August 2025, but unconfirmed due to real-time data. Civicus and KHRC indicate state repression; the number of kidnappings has increased since the 2024 protests. No convictions have been reported, fueling impunity. These figures underscore a pattern of state-sponsored violence that has been confirmed by multiple independent sources, despite government denials. In response to these incidents, former police and military personnel, including Patrick Nyambaka Osoi (Osoi is a former Kenya Defence Forces (KDF) officer who was arrested and charged in connection with the founding of a movement. He faces charges including preparation of a crime, illegal possession of firearms and ammunition, and involvement in activities prejudicial to public order and national security. Osoi and his accomplices were seen wearing riot gear and accused of recruiting former and serving police officers to defy illegal orders, endangering national security and public unrest. He was detained pending investigation but later released on bail. ), Hiram Kimathi (is a former Kenyan police officer known for his outspoken stance against police brutality and controversial government directives. He gained media attention for openly declining an official transfer to Todonyang Police Station, which he described as a punitive measure for speaking out against the government. Kimathi criticized Interior Cabinet Secretary Kipchumba Murkomen's "shoot-to-kill" order against violent protesters and publicly spoke on police reforms and human rights. Following a notable TV interview and social media posts against police brutality, he claimed his life was in danger due to threats of abduction), and Jackson Kuria Kihara (also known as Cop Shakur, is a Kenyan prison officer who was notably involved in protesting against the Finance Bill 2024 and the high cost of living, which led to his interdiction from duty. He was seen publicly participating in demonstrations wearing his prison officer uniform and advocating for rejecting the bill. In January 2025, he was arrested and charged with publishing false information and cybercrime offenses related to posts on social media that allegedly linked the government and the Executive to abductions of government critics. He was charged under the Computer Misuse and Cybercrimes Act No.5 of 2018, with potential penalties including a fine or imprisonment. He denied the charges and was released on bail pending trial), formed a group called Fighting Brutality and Impunity (FBI*1). The group's goal is to combat police brutality and extrajudicial killings in the country. The group's objective is to privately investigate and document such incidents to promote accountability and justice. This group is not wanted by the government. They won't be able to do much, but even attempting to do something is too much. However, the Directorate of Criminal Investigations (DCI) in Kenya investigated the group for possible links to the terrorist organization, leading to the arrest of its members, including Osoi and Kimathi, in July and August 2025. The DCI's actions raise concerns about the group's activities, and there are allegations that the arrests may be politically motivated due to the group's stance against police misconduct. *1) This group is distinct from the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), which maintains a separate presence in Kenya focused on counterterrorism through initiatives such as the Joint Terrorism Task Force (JTTF-K). @https://ke.usembassy.gov/the-department-of-state-and-fbi-partner-with-kenya-to-launch-first-overseas-joint-terrorism-task-force/ @https://www.fbi.gov/news/press-releases/fbi-state-department-partner-with-kenya-to-launch-first-overseas-joint-terrorism-task-force @https://2017-2021.state.gov/the-department-of-state-and-fbi-partner-with-kenya-to-launch-first-overseas-joint-terrorism-task-force/