Sonntag, 30. November 2025
Chad has announced an entry ban for US citizens, which has since been clarified with important exceptions
Chad has announced an entry ban for US citizens, which has since been clarified with important exceptions.
The ban is a direct response to Chad's inclusion in the US travel ban, which went into effect on June 9, 2025.
The following table summarizes the key details of Chadian policy based on the latest announcement from the US Embassy.
Reciprocal measure in effect, with exceptions.
Key exceptions are: US citizens with a valid Chadian visa issued before June 9, 2025; US officials; and dual citizens with Chadian-American citizenship and valid documents.
Announcement date: Initial announcement around June 5/6, 2025; clarification on June 12, 2025.
The US Embassy's travel warnings should be heeded. The US Embassy in N'Djamena advises its citizens to check official embassy announcements for updates. They can register for the Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP) to receive security alerts directly.
Bobi Wine from Uganda
Ssentamu) is challenging long-time President Yoweri Museveni for a second term in the January 2026 elections. He frames his campaign as a fight to restore political freedoms and combat corruption. President Museveni is expected to seek re-election after nearly 40 years in power. Nothing significant happened at the rally; I didn't see it, only hear it.
Samstag, 29. November 2025
The Albert Ojwang Case
Albert Ojwang's father filed an affidavit accusing the prosecution of protecting Deputy Inspector General Eliud Lagat from prosecution. Meshack Ojwang claims there is overwhelming evidence linking him to his son's arrest, torture, and death.
Albert Ojwang, a 30-year-old Kenyan teacher and blogger, died in police custody in Nairobi on June 7, 2025, after being arrested for allegedly defaming Deputy Inspector General Eliud Lagat on social media.
An autopsy revealed severe head injuries, neck compression, and soft tissue injuries indicative of an attack, contradicting police claims that he inflicted the injuries on himself by banging his head against a cell wall.
Albert Ojwang, a 30-year-old Kenyan teacher and blogger, died in police custody in Nairobi on June 7, 2025, after being arrested for allegedly defaming Deputy Inspector General Eliud Lagat on social media. Ojwang was arrested at his parents' home in the Homa Bay district and taken to the Central Police Station in Nairobi, where he was held in a cell before being found unconscious. The incident sparked nationwide protests, public outrage, and political criticism. The Kenya Bar Association described the injuries as evidence of torture and extrajudicial killing.
In June 2025, six people—three police officers (Sam Kipichit, Salaam Mukhwana, and Peter Kimani) and three civilians—were charged with murder but had not yet commented on the allegations.
In November 2025, the Supreme Court set a trial date, placed key witnesses under state protection, and recognized extensive digital evidence.
Ojwang's family called for Lagat's arrest for instigating the events. The Independent Police Oversight Authority continues to conduct the investigation.
@https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_of_Albert_Ojwang @https://www.tuko.co.ke/kenya/609922-albert-ojwang-govt-places-witnesses-protection-date-set-activists-murder-trial/ @https://ntvkenya.co.ke/news/post-mortem-reveals-how-albert-ojwang-died/ @https://citizen.digital/article/albert-ojwangs-father-now-wants-dig-lagat-arrested-charged-with-murder-n373649
@https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cz09l4k4184o
@https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=30d6dZKscfg
Freitag, 28. November 2025
The Nuru Okanga Case
The Nuru Okanga Case
Nuru Okanga is embroiled in a 2023 legal battle in which he is accused of insulting Kenyan President William Ruto in an online video.
His defense team is vehemently pushing for the case to be dismissed, arguing that the prosecution has failed to demonstrate its willingness to testify. This includes the prosecution's claim that its last witness is in China and therefore unable to testify. The defense views this as a delaying tactic and an indication of a weak case.
They are also questioning the credibility of the cyber forensic evidence presented and requesting the subpoenaing of key political figures, including the president and vice president, to clarify the context of the alleged insults. The court is expected to decide whether to indict Okanga by January 20, 2026.
Nuru Okanga is a prominent Kenyan political activist and supporter of the opposition (particularly the late Raila Odinga). Based on current reports (as of November 28, 2025), I summarize the background, the case, and recent developments.
Okanga is known for his passionate, often provocative speeches against the Ruto government and his deep loyalty to Raila Odinga.
Who is Nuru Okanga? Nuru Okanga is a grassroots activist from Kakamega County who has risen to national prominence through viral social media videos and street speeches. He positions himself as the voice of the "little people" and sharply criticizes corruption, poverty, and the policies of President Ruto. His YouTube channel (@nuruokangakenya) has thousands of subscribers and focuses on opposition perspectives from rural and urban areas of Kenya.
Okanga is married, has children, and comes from humble beginnings. He has repeatedly asked for financial assistance, for example, for a salon business for his wife. In May 2025, he unexpectedly met with former Vice President Rigathi Gachagua, sparking speculation given Okanga's otherwise staunch opposition to Ruto.
Following the death of Raila Odinga (October 2025), Okanga was deeply affected—he collapsed upon seeing the body, was hospitalized, and initiated the "Raila Is Still Breathing" movement to honor Odinga's legacy (e.g., by donating guinea fowl to the family and symbolically shaving her head).
The defamation trial against Ruto. The case revolves around a 2023 video in which Okanga allegedly insulted Ruto and incited violence against him. Charges of defamation and potential threats led to his arrest and a trial. The charges are based on a clip in which Okanga urges Gachagua (then Vice President) to "shoot" Ruto—a statement Okanga's lawyers portray as satirical or humorous.
The arrest took place in 2023. Okanga was detained in Tasia Estate (Embakasi) after the video went viral. The responsible police officer, Milton Mwanzi, confirmed in court (August 2025) that he was only following "orders from superiors" and had not conducted unlawful surveillance. The defense argued that this violated the right to privacy (Article 31 of the Kenyan Constitution).
The prosecution accuses Okanga of publicly defaming Ruto through the video. A cyber forensics expert (Juma Mwajirani) recently testified and played the video.
The latest developments in this case (November 2025) are:
Delays and criticism: On November 24, 2025, the prosecution was unable to summon a key witness (an expert), which led to delays. Lawyers such as Babu Owino (Embakasi East MP) accused the prosecution of violating Okanga's right to a fair trial (Article 50(1) of the Constitution). Owino called it a "weakness of the prosecution."
On November 25, Okanga's lawyers (including Abner Mango, Shadrack Wambui, and Babu Owino) requested that Rigathi Gachagua be summoned as a "key witness." They want to clarify whether Gachagua took the statements seriously or as a joke. Gachagua, now an opposition figure after his impeachment, could strengthen the defense.
The lawyers are rigorously cross-examining witnesses—e.g., For example, a DCI officer was grilled for admitting he didn't know who the president was or whether Gachagua had been impeached. Okanga's team is demanding the case be dismissed, viewing it as politically motivated.
On November 27, a video was played, and the cross-examination is underway. The trial is being ridiculed as a "comedy show" because witnesses are displaying weaknesses.
Okanga's case often trends on social media, with users mocking the "incompetent" state witnesses or connecting it to current issues like by-elections. One post, "Nuru Okanga alisema apigwe risa... mkaona ni mchezo!" (He said he should be beaten... and you thought it was a joke!), refers to his prophesied warnings about government failure.
Okanga symbolizes the resistance of Gen Z and the opposition to Ruto's government. His case is seen as an attempt to silence critics, similar to other activists. Experts warn of restrictions on freedom of speech.
Okanga is struggling financially and emotionally—he was detained in a hospital in 2023 for unpaid bills (6,350 shillings) and is appealing for donations.
The situation is fluid; the court could reach a decision soon.
Key points of the case:
Okanga is accused of distributing an inflammatory video online targeting President Ruto.
The prosecution's final witness was reportedly unavailable due to an official assignment in China.
The defense pointed to weaknesses in the prosecution's evidence, particularly in the cyber forensics analysis.
Defense attorneys, including prominent figures like Babu Owino, expressed confidence.
The court rejected defense requests to subpoena the president but can still summon key witnesses.
A final ruling in the case is expected in early 2026.
This case has garnered significant attention due to its political nature and the legal battles surrounding digital evidence and freedom of expression.
@https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=F4HV4Bo0L6w&pp=ygUUTnVydW4gb2thbmdhIG9uIGZpcmU%3D
@https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=oTtXwbWz9JA&pp=ygUUTnVydW4gb2thbmdhIG9uIGZpcmU%3D
@https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=fGvmL6yviqA&p p=ygUUTnVydW4gb2thbmdhIG9uIGZpcmU%3D
@https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=QUbiRXFuiQY&pp=ygUUTnVydW4gb2thbmdhIG9uIGZpcmU%3D
@https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gK4m2ZdFrrY
@https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CJNiDPTw66E @https://www.facebook.com/7NewsGlobal/videos/nuru-okangas-court-case-has-taken-a-serious-turn-after-a-video-allegedly-showing/1172513151681461/ @https://www.tiktok.com/@courthelicopter/video/7577029479772589324
The military in Guinea-Bissau took power
Army General Horta N'Tam was sworn in as interim president of Guinea-Bissau, one day after military officers declared they had seized power.
His interim regime is scheduled to last one year.
The military halted the election process and suspended the release of the presidential election results on Sunday.
The military in Guinea-Bissau took power
on November 26, 2025. Here is a brief overview of the events, based on current reports:
The coup occurred just before the official announcement of the results of the presidential and parliamentary elections held on November 23, 2025. Incumbent President Umaro Sissoco Embaló (himself a former general) and opposition candidate Fernando Dias had both claimed victory. There were allegations of irregularities and tensions in the already unstable country.
Soldiers under the command of Brigadier General Dinis Incanha (head of the Presidential Military Office) seized President Embaló and other high-ranking officials. The military declared “total control” of the country, suspended the electoral process, closed the borders, and established the “Supreme Military Command Council for the Restoration of National Security and Public Order.”
The AU and ECOWAS strongly condemned the military takeover in Guinea-Bissau.
On November 27, 2025, Major General Horta Inta-A Na Man was confirmed as interim president. He promised a one-year transition period during which new elections would be held.
Donnerstag, 27. November 2025
AES Solidarity
AES solidarity
The AES Solidarity refers to the widespread support and collective backing for the Alliance of Sahel States (AES), a confederation formed by Mali, Niger, and Burkina Faso. This solidarity expresses opposition to external threats such as imperialism, neocolonial interference, and attempts at destabilization by Western powers and regional actors like ECOWAS. Calls for solidarity emphasize public declarations, coordinated political actions, and educational efforts to defend the AES’s sovereignty and its anti-imperialist stance.
AES Solidarity has manifested in mass protests and demonstrations across West Africa and the continent, supporting AES member states and their leadership against coup attempts and foreign intervention. The alliance is seen as a symbol of African dignity, resistance, and the pursuit of economic and political independence from former colonial powers. Recent actions include Niger sending over 4 million liters of petroleum products to Mali, demonstrating practical support within AES countries.
The solidarity campaign urges activists and organizations worldwide to amplify the AES’s message, mobilize for commemorative actions on significant dates, and resist neocolonialism while supporting Africa’s self-determination and unity. This movement highlights the AES as a new chapter in African resistance and liberation from external control.
Niger delivers over 4 million liters of petroleum products to Mali, Cabinet statement
According to a report by the Malian Council of Ministers, at least 82 tanker trucks were delivered. The shipment is valued at 3.3 billion CFA francs (US$5.8 million).
A “significant contingent” of AES forces escorted the tanker trucks from Niamey to Bamako, the statement said.
To reduce long lines at gas stations, the Malian government last week shortened customs clearance times for fuel from 72 to 24 hours.
Bamako and surrounding cities have been blockaded by the al-Qaeda-affiliated terrorist group JNIM since September. More than one hundred tanker trucks have been set on fire during this period.
@https://ipa-aip.org/notes/call-for-solidarity-with-the-peoples-of-aes/ @https://peoplesdispatch.org/2025/04/30/hands-off-aes-solidarity-protests-sweep-west-africa-in-defense-of-burkina-faso-and-captain-traore/
@https://liberationnews.org/two-years-of-alliance-of-sahel-states/
@https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alliance_of_Sahel_States
@https://en.sputniknews.africa/20251127/1080891704.html @https://sautiyaujamaa.wordpress.com/2025/09/18/tanzanian-socialist-formations-solidarity-statement-with-the-alliance-of-sahel-states-aes-its-leadership-and-its-people/
The opposition leader in Guinea-Bissau, Fernando Dias, declares himself free.
The opposition leader in Guinea-Bissau, Fernando Dias, declares
himself free.
Fernando Dias, opposition leader in Guinea-Bissau and presidential candidate for the Social Renewal Party, has publicly declared himself free amidst the election chaos and the military coup attempt.
The election was marred by controversy, including the disqualification of the main opposition party, PAIGC, and accusations of an “institutional coup” by incumbent Umaro Sissoco Embaló.
Both Embaló and opposition candidate Fernando Dias da Costa declared themselves the winners beforehand, but official results were never released.
Instead, on November 26, a coup attempt took place: military forces under Brigadier General Dinis Incanha arrested Embaló, deposed him, suspended the election process, closed borders, and imposed a curfew.
Dias claimed victory in the presidential election of November 23, 2025, citing poll results that showed over 50% support and thus made a runoff unnecessary. President Umaro Sissoco Embaló's camp, however, disputed these claims.
Tensions escalated after the disputed election. On November 26, soldiers arrested Embaló and high-ranking officials and appointed Major General Horta Inta-A as interim president for one year.
In a video, Dias claimed he had escaped arrest through a "back entrance" and accused Embaló of staging a "fake coup" to prevent defeat.
Dias called for protests demanding the release of the election results and endorsed former Prime Minister Domingos Simões Pereira, who had been barred from running. He also called for national liberation from alleged interference.
Dias Civil society shares concerns about election fraud, even though life in Bissau had returned to normal by November 27.
This marks another episode of instability in Guinea-Bissau's history, which has been marked by coups.
Civil society shares fears of election fraud, even though life in Bissau had returned to normal by November 27.
This marks another episode of instability in Guinea-Bissau's history of coups. @https://apnews.com/article/guinea-bissau-coup-west-africa-embalo-dias-e4f934094d4c96730473dd16bc8f0259
@https://en.sputniknews.africa/20251127/1080914501.html
@https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DJ-UFZdR1O0 @https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/guinea-bissau-opposition-demands-vote-results-after-army-officers-seize-power-2025-11-27/ @https://saharareporters.com/2025/11/26/armed-men-arrest-guinea-bissau-president-embalo-three-others-amid-post-election-tensions
Mittwoch, 26. November 2025
The "Melanin Goddess" from Senegal
Khoudia Diop, a Senegalese model once teased for her deep, rich skin tone, is now celebrated worldwide for her extraordinary beauty.
Khoudia Diop is a Senegalese model and actress known as the "Melanin Goddess" because of her very dark complexion. Born on December 31, 1996, she was bullied as a child because of her skin color. At 15, she moved to Paris, where photographers encouraged her to pursue modeling, although she initially prioritized her education. At 17, she officially began modeling to challenge conventional beauty standards and, in particular, to empower young girls. In 2016, Khoudia moved to New York City to study and quickly gained popularity on Instagram. Within days, her follower count jumped from 300 to over 350,000. She has appeared in advertising campaigns, including one for the French cosmetics brand Make Up For Ever. Khoudia remains an influential figure who champions pride in dark skin and the diversity of beauty.
Her self-confidence and rise to fame have inspired many people to embrace and love their own skin.
Today, she is known worldwide as the "Melanin Goddess,"
a symbol of strength, pride, and representation.
@https://www.facebook.com/africanfolder/posts/adolf-hitler-uunona-is-making-headlines-again-in-namibia-known-for-his-unique-na/825518576757317
The President of Burkina Faso, Captain Ibrahim Traoré, has banned same-sex marriage nationwide.
The President of Burkina Faso, Captain Ibrahim Traoré, has banned same-sex marriage nationwide.
The President of Burkina Faso, Captain Ibrahim Traoré, has signed a nationwide law banning same-sex marriage and criminalizing homosexual acts. The new law provides for prison sentences of two to five years as well as fines. It was unanimously passed by the interim legislature and is now in effect nationwide.
The law prohibits not only homosexual acts but also behavior that encourages such practices. Foreign nationals who violate the law can also be deported. Justice Minister Edasso Rodrigue Bayala emphasized that the law respects the cultural values of society and is based on its deep aspirations.
Human rights groups strongly criticize the law and warn of increasing discrimination and violence against LGBTQ+ people in Burkina Faso. This move represents a significant setback for the rights of LGBTQ+ people in the country, where same-sex acts were previously legal, but same-sex marriage was not recognized.
The ban on same-sex marriage and the criminalization of homosexuality are part of a comprehensive reform of personal and family law following the 2022 military coup led by Traoré. Burkina Faso thus joins a growing list of African countries that criminalize same-sex relationships, usually with prison sentences and fines as sanctions.
This development is taking place within the country's conservative social and religious context and is condemned by international human rights organizations as a violation of the rights to equality and privacy.
He justified his decision with reference to African values, traditions, and cultural identity, and rejected foreign influence.
The Quran does not explicitly mention homosexual acts as a term, but several passages, particularly the story of the Prophet's people Lot (Qaum Lut), portray homosexual behavior between men negatively and consider it sinful. These passages can be found, for example, in Surah 7, verses 80-81, where same-sex relations between men are described as "detestable." Women are not directly mentioned in this context in the Quran, leading to differing interpretations. The classical schools of Islamic jurisprudence rely more on hadiths (sayings of the Prophet) to define homosexual acts as punishable, though the type of punishment varies.
The majority of conservative Islamic scholars interpret the Quran to mean that homosexual intercourse between men is forbidden and considered a sin. However, more modern, liberal interpretations suggest that the Quranic prohibition refers more to sexual violence than to same-sex love itself. It is also emphasized that the Quran makes no specific statements about homosexuality as an identity, but only about certain sexual acts.
Overall, the practice of homosexual acts is generally viewed negatively in Islamic discourse, based on theological and legal traditions, although the exact wording and interpretation within the Quran itself are disputed. Societal attitudes, however, are often stricter and culturally influenced, with homosexual acts being prosecuted in some Muslim countries.
Traoré emphasized how important it is for Africa to protect its traditions, families, and moral principles.
His approach drew criticism in Western countries, but many Africans praised him for upholding cultural principles and national sovereignty.
@https://theafricanica.com/news/ibrahim-traore-bans-same-sex-marriage-in-burkina-faso/ @https://www.humandignitytrust.org/news/burkina-faso-interim-president-officially-signs-anti-lgbt-legislation/ @https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c2060er4062o @https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/9/2/burkina-faso-bans-homosexuality-as-a-crime-punishable-with-prison-fines
[@https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homosexualit%C3%A4t_im_Islam
@https://www.lsvd.de/de/ct/687-Homosexualitaet-im-Koran-der-Scharia-und-den-Hadith-Ueberlieferungen-des-Propheten-Muhammed
@https://ourworldindata.org/progress-lgbt-rights
@https://theconversation.com/friday-essay-the-quran-the-bible-and-homosexuality-in-islam-61012
Dienstag, 25. November 2025
The Economy in Kenya
The Economy in Kenya
World Bank Raises Kenya's 2025 Economic Growth Forecast to Nearly 5%
The economy is expected to maintain this growth rate over the next two years, according to a World Bank report.
This year, growth will exceed the World Bank's May forecast of 4.5%.
Kenya's construction industry, like some other sectors, was impacted by concerns about public finances last year but is now showing signs of recovery, the report notes.
Generally speaking, economic growth in African countries is expected to be positive in 2025, despite varying regional challenges. Sub-Saharan countries could grow by around 4.0 percent, according to World Bank forecasts, driven by trade, investment, and digitalization. Economies such as Nigeria, Kenya, Ethiopia, and Rwanda, in particular, show growth potential, while other countries like Algeria and Angola are struggling with economic difficulties.
The African Development Bank reports an expected real GDP growth rate of approximately 3.9 percent for Africa as a whole in 2025, with 21 countries potentially achieving growth rates above 5 percent. However, challenges such as currency fluctuations, trade tariffs, particularly from the US, infrastructure deficits, and political uncertainties are dampening this potential. Investment remains below the global average, but digitalization and the African Common Market (AfCFTA) are considered key drivers of growth.
South Africa is projected to experience rather subdued growth of around 1.0 percent in 2025, negatively impacted by US trade policy and the expiration of trade preferences. Countries like Ghana and Angola are experiencing a slowdown in growth. Currency issues could shift the GDP rankings of individual countries; for example, Nigeria could fall from first to seventh place.
In short, Africa is experiencing moderate to solid economic growth overall, with regional differences and challenges. The main drivers of growth are trade, digitalization, and consumer spending. Structural reforms and greater equity capital mobilization are needed to better realize this growth potential.
East African Court suspends EU trade agreement.
The East African Court has suspended the trade agreement between the EU and Kenya, halting its implementation pending a ruling on the merits of a complaint. The complaint alleges that Kenya's signing of the trade agreement with the EU has harmed the East African Community and its economy. The Court has intervened and suspended the implementation of the agreement until these allegations are examined.
Details of the suspension:
- The suspension is an interim injunction issued by the East African Court.
- It specifically concerns the Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) that Kenya and the EU signed on December 18, 2023, and which was scheduled to enter into force in July 2024.
... - The Court based its decision on concerns regarding the impact on the integration of the East African Community and its shared economic interests. It suspects that some partner states acted independently, without sufficiently considering the regional bloc's contractual obligations.
The context of the agreement
- The Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) aims to facilitate trade between Kenya and the EU by aligning tariffs and trade rules.
- However, there are regional concerns regarding the impact on the East African Community (EAC) and whether regional trade agreements and the economic balance within the bloc will be maintained.
This has broader regional implications
- The Court's suspension of the agreement reflects the growing tensions over unilateral trade agreements by member states, which could undermine regional integration efforts.
- It underscores the legal and political importance of coordinated action by EAC states on international trade agreements.
This suspension puts the trade agreement between the EU and Kenya on hold until further judicial review to address the economic and legal concerns raised by the EAC and its member states.
@TheKenyanWalkStreet @https://www.dw.com/de/afrika-2025-kampf-um-demokratie-und-wachstum/a-70950755 @https://africabrief.substack.com/p/africas-economy-to-grow-39-in-2025 @https://www.gtai.de/de/trade/suedafrika-wirtschaft/wirtschaftsausblick @https://www.bpb.de/themen/afrika/dossier-afrika/552232/wirtschaftliche-entwicklung-in-afrika/ @https://maisafrika.com/de/noticias/ultimahora/africa-onu-preve-crescimento-de-37-em-2025/
@https://www.africaintelligence.com/tags/european-union @https://www.africaintelligence.com/eastern-africa-and-the-horn/2025/11/24/east-african-court-suspends-eu-kenya-trade-agreement,110563973-art
@https://x.com/nmchl/status/1993024214522380482 @https://www.eac.int/press-releases/153-legal-judicial-affairs?start=6
@https://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/global-economic-prospects
@https://www.eacj.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/THE-ROLE-OF-THE-EACJ-IN-INTEGRATION-1.pdf
@https://eur-lex.europa.eu/EN/legal-content/summary/economic-partnership-agreement-between-the-eu-and-kenya.html
Alcohol Consumption in Kenya
Two men were part of a group that gathered in the village of Olubumbu on Friday to celebrate the initiation rites of some boys.
The two were found unconscious by the roadside and taken to the hospital, where one was pronounced dead upon arrival.
A 32-year-old man died after excessive alcohol consumption in a village in Kuresoi, Nakuru district.
A second man was hospitalized with serious injuries, police said.
The two men were part of a group that had gathered in the village of Olubumbu to celebrate the initiation rites of some boys. They drank excessive amounts of alcohol.
The two were found unconscious by the roadside and taken to the hospital.
The body was taken to the morgue for an autopsy.
Police are investigating as part of a nationwide crackdown on illegally distilled alcohol.
Several liters of the beverages were destroyed, and dozens of suspected brewers were arrested.
Alcohol consumption in Kenya is a significant social and public health problem, with harmful drinking patterns rising, especially among youth. About 12.2% of Kenyans aged 15-65 consume alcohol, and 36% of students report alcohol use. Illicit and cheap alcohol notably contribute to the problem, with rural and urban slum areas being particularly affected due to affordability issues and limited enforcement of regulations.
The problems linked to alcohol abuse in Kenya are multifaceted, including health risks, family breakdowns, social dysfunction, and economic impacts. Health issues include increased mortality, neuropsychiatric conditions, and reproductive health risks. Alcohol abuse also leads to high disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost and exacerbates unemployment and family instability. Economically, it reduces workplace productivity and increases absenteeism.
Despite these challenges, governmental responses have been insufficient and often ineffective. Enforcement of laws to curb illicit alcohol production and sales has been weak, and public awareness campaigns have lacked the funding and reach needed to make a significant impact. Attempts to regulate alcohol outlets, such as limiting the number of bars per town, have faced resistance from business owners and have not been widely implemented.
In summary, alcohol abuse in Kenya causes serious health, social, and economic problems, driven by high consumption rates among youth, widespread availability of illicit alcohol, and weak regulatory enforcement. Addressing this crisis requires stronger law enforcement, better public education, and economic empowerment initiatives targeting vulnerable groups.
@https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2025-11-24-man-dies-after-consuming-excessive-alcohol @https://www.tigonitreatment.com/post/the-silent-crisis-how-alcoholism-is-ignored-in-kenya @https://ncpd.go.ke/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Brief-55-YOUTH-AT-RISK-ALCOHAL-AND-DRUG-ABUSE-IN-KENYA.pdf @https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7040319/
@https://jorgstrust.org/social-effects-of-alcoholism-in-kenya/ @https://arjess.org/health-and-social-economic-effects-of-alcohol-abuse-in-kenyas-context/ @https://www.theelephant.info/analysis/2017/04/07/kenyas-alcohol-problem-the-govt-needs-to-sober-up/ @https://scholar.google.com.mx/scholar_url?url=https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC68 03571/&hl=es&sa=X&ei=u6slabRL1OiJ6g_k_LnJCw&scisig=ABGrvjKBvi4C8WhcEfkXpLRAoNPh&oi=scholarr
Montag, 24. November 2025
The Mozambican Civil War
The Mozambican Civil War
(Portuguese: Guerra Civil Moçambicana) was a bloody conflict fought in Mozambique from 1977 to 1992, fueled by local conflicts and Cold War politics, and profoundly shaped the country.
Gaining independence from Portugal in 1975, Mozambique immediately faced internal conflicts between the ruling party FRELIMO and the opposition group RENAMO.
RENAMO received support from Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) in 1977 to weaken the socialist-leaning FRELIMO, which fueled the war.
The war was also exacerbated by external influences, including Soviet support for FRELIMO and support from Rhodesia and later South Africa for RENAMO.
The main battles took place between the following parties:
FRELIMO – Mozambique's ruling Marxist party
RENAMO – anti-communist insurgents, supported by Rhodesia and later South Africa.
Other smaller groups included PRM, UNAMO, COREMO, UNIPOMO, and FUMO.
Period: May 30, 1977 – October 4, 1992 (15 years, 4 months, 4 days)
Location: Mozambique
A significant event was the signing of the peace agreement on October 4, 1992, between FRELIMO and RENAMO, which ended the conflict. This agreement led to democratization, elections, and the withdrawal of international peacekeeping forces, including the UN.
Since then, the country has been on the path to stability, although conflicts have resurfaced in recent years, particularly in the north in Cabo Delgado, involving Islamist militias.
Outcome: Peace according to the Rome Agreement.
Warring Parties:
Mozambique: FRELIMO, ZANU (until 1979), Zimbabwe (from 1979/1980), Tanzania, Malawi (from 1987), Soviet Union
RENAMO, PRM (until 1982)
Key Leaders:
Mozambique – Samora Machel †, Joaquim Chissano
Zimbabwe – Robert Mugabe
Tanzania – Julius Nyerere
Malawi – Hastings Banda
RENAMO – André Matsangaissa †, Afonso Dhlakama
PRM – Amos Sumane †, Gimo Phiri
Strength:
Mozambique – 80,000
Zimbabwe – 20,000
Tanzania – 6,000
Soviet Union – 4,000
Romania – 500
RENAMO – ~20,000
Losses:
The war led to Massive destruction, approximately 900,000 deaths, and the displacement of over five million civilians, primarily due to fighting, famine, and terrorist attacks.
RENAMO carried out attacks on civilians, used child soldiers, and targeted economic infrastructure, while FRELIMO defended the population politically and militarily.
Mozambique – unknown
Zimbabwe – 296 soldiers and 24 pilots (1984–1990)
Tanzania – 99 soldiers
Malawi – over 100 dead
Soviet Union – 8 dead (official)
Total – over 1,000,000 dead, including famine victims; RENAMO was responsible for up to 100,000 deaths.
RENAMO fought against FRELIMO's socialist one-party state and was supported by Rhodesia and South Africa to weaken the support of militant nationalist groups. The war led to massive displacement—5 million people were displaced—and destroyed infrastructure, including hospitals, roads, railways, and schools. Both sides were accused of human rights violations, including the recruitment of child soldiers and widespread land grabs. Landmines were also a problem.
Neighboring Zimbabwe, Tanzania, and Malawi sent troops to protect their economic interests from RENAMO attacks.
The war ended in 1992 after the collapse of Soviet and South African support. Peace talks mediated by the Mozambican Council of Churches and Italy led to the Rome General Peace Agreements.
RENAMO units were demobilized or integrated into the Mozambican army.
Thus, the Mozambican Civil War was a complex and bloody conflict, triggered by the struggle for political dominance, external support, and ethno-political tensions, and continues to this day after decades of peace due to renewed violence in the north.
The UN mission in Mozambique (ONUMOZ) supported reconstruction efforts after the war. Tensions flared up again between 2013 and 2018, but a second peace agreement was signed in 2019.
Burkina Faso has taken a leap forward.
Burkina Faso has taken a leap forward.
This is an important development! The Burkina Faso Medical Association's plan to rebuild the healthcare system is expected to make a significant contribution, especially given the country's ongoing problems with insecurity and resource scarcity.
The Burkina Faso Medical Association has presented a plan to rebuild its healthcare system.
At its 9th Congress, the association adopted an ambitious roadmap aimed at ensuring equitable access to healthcare throughout the country. The five priorities are:
- Strengthening the regulation of medical practice;
- Reforming medical education;
- Improving the professional integration of physicians;
- Accelerating the development of telemedicine;
- Implementing structured oversight of the private healthcare sector.
For example, current initiatives include:
A large-scale government project (PRSS-ASN II), approved in November 2025, which aims to expand primary care, construct 20 new community health centers, and strengthen emergency and blood donation services.
A national roadmap for the digitalization of community healthcare, adopted at the end of 2025, focuses on equipping community health workers with digital tools to improve healthcare delivery and data management.
By 2030, the Chamber aims to become the leading national institution for training and regulation, thereby ensuring better health protection for the population. The Congress's recommendations will be directly incorporated into national policy by the government. The meeting took place in Ouagadougou.
Sonntag, 23. November 2025
Has the downfall of our Earth begun?
When wars break out on Earth, the planet reacts with earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. I don't want to be a prophet, but since there's no peace in sight, it's clear that the disasters will continue and intensify. Those who don't want to live in peace must expect the Earth to create peace for them. I believe that's what's called "peace through violence," isn't it?
In Ethiopia, a volcano has erupted for the first time in 10,000 years:
"The ash rose to a height of about 13.7 km. The eruption of the Haili Gubbi volcano in northeastern Ethiopia produced a large ash cloud that was hurled toward Yemen and Oman. This could pose a danger to residents and air traffic in general."
``` A volcano has erupted in Ethiopia for the first time in 10,000 years.
Significant volcanic activity occurred in Ethiopia in 2025, particularly in the Fentale volcano region of the Main Ethiopian Rift.
Maggot intrusions were recorded starting in September 2024, accompanied by earthquakes, and increased seismic activity and the evacuation of residents began in early 2025.
This was the first significant volcanic activity in the region in a long time, with comparable events last occurring approximately 10,000 years ago. The activity is closely linked to tectonic movements and earthquakes in the Afar Triangle. An ongoing volcanic eruption was documented at the beginning of 2025, with magma intrusion and ground uplift occurring at the Fentale volcano, among other things.
Active volcanoes in Ethiopia, such as Erta Ale and Dabbahu, have been active in the recent past, but the eruption described as the first long-term eruption in 10,000 years refers specifically to the recent event around Fentale. This event is part of the geological transformation processes that are also shaping the rifting of the African continent.
Active volcanoes in Ethiopia, such as Erta Ale and Dabbahu, have also been active in the recent past, but the eruption described as the first long-term eruption in 10,000 years refers specifically to the recent event around Fentale. This event is part of the geological transformation processes that are also shaping the rifting of the African continent.
@https://volcano.si.edu/volcano.cfm?vn=251030
@https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lBow43z6Qso @https://volcano.si.edu/showreport.cfm?wvar=GVP.WVAR20250101-221190 @https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/risk-ethiopian-volcano-eruption-prompts-evacuation-residents-2025-01-03/
@https://www.sueddeutsche.de/wissen/vulkanausbruch-in-afrika-ein-kontinent-zerbricht-1.1109198 @https://www.tagesspiegel.de/wissen/als-der-mensch-auszog-die-welt-zu-erobern-die-entscheidende-rolle-eines-vulkanausbruchs-11400803.html
Samstag, 22. November 2025
Our story is a silent revolution”: Ethiopia’s Prime Minister at G20 summitt
“Our story is a silent revolution”: Ethiopia’s Prime Minister calls for new growth at the G20 summit
Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed addressed the G20 summit in Johannesburg with a message of humility, hope, and a call for bold change.
In his speech, he emphasized Ethiopia’s ongoing reform and resilience process, highlighting the country’s profound transformations in finance, trade, and renewable energy, as well as its successes in attracting private investment and promoting financial inclusion. Speaking about the importance of genuine partnerships for investment, innovation, and shared prosperity, Abiy called for an ambitious “Africa 2.0 Pact” to accelerate economic transformation and prosperity across the continent.
His message expressed optimism regarding Africa’s economic rise, while also acknowledging the challenges and appealing to the G20 to support the continent’s sustainable development with ambition and cooperation. He described Ethiopia's and Africa's path to the future as one marked by humility and hope, anchored in substantial reforms with a bold vision for the future.
Here is the core message of his vision:
A journey that is not yet complete: Rooted in an ancient civilization and possessing great resilience, Ethiopia is shaping its future through Medemer – a philosophy of unity, synergy, and shared progress.
A quiet revolution underway: As he put it, "Our story is a quiet revolution of courageous action that is redefining what is possible." Cities are becoming innovative, agriculture is being modernized, and young entrepreneurs are creating new opportunities.
Inclusivity as efficiency: Abiy emphasized that empowering every individual farmer, innovator, and entrepreneur strengthens the entire economy.
Transforming challenges into transformation: From drought to conflict, Ethiopia is responding with renewable energy, digital infrastructure, and climate-friendly agriculture.
Three global priorities that Ethiopia is proposing to the G20:
Debt reduction: Ensuring that debt relief translates into real investment – “educated children, modern hospitals, and resilient infrastructure.”
Climate: With 48 billion seedlings planted, Ethiopia is calling for the expansion of ecological restoration through debt-for-climate swaps and green value chains.
Energy and digital transformation: From the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam to a nationwide digital public infrastructure by 2030, Ethiopia is pursuing a vision of a connected, renewable, and climate-neutral future for Africa.
Abiy concluded with a powerful appeal:
“We should not only look at GDP, but also at societies’ capacity to resist and adapt, because that is ultimately the foundation for sustainable development. Ethiopia, with its roots in Medemer, is ready to contribute to this shared global path.”
@https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xMrXAGo0BUE
@https://www.presseportal.de/pm/153146/4837045 @https://www.fanamc.com/english/pm-abiy-ahmed-and-south-africas-president-cyril-ramaphosa-discuss-africas-priorities-ahead-of-g20-summit/
@https://news.un.org/en/story/2025/03/1161711
Miss Universe 2025
Miss Universe 2025
Olivia Yacé from Ivory Coast captivates the world and takes fifth place.
The Miss Universe 2025 pageant took place on November 21, 2025, at the Impact Challenger Hall in Pak Kret, Nonthaburi, Thailand, and brought together 127 contestants from around the globe.
1. The winner was Fátima Bosch from Mexico, crowned by Victoria Kjær Theilvig from Denmark, Miss Universe 2024. This victory marked Mexico's fourth Miss Universe title.
2. Praveenar Singh from Thailand took second place.
3. Stephany Abasali from Venezuela took third place.
30 semifinalists competed in rounds that included national dress, swimwear, evening gowns, and a question-and-answer session.
The event was marred by controversy, including the resignation of judges and allegations of manipulation of the results. One contestant left the event in solidarity with Fátima Bosch after she was publicly insulted by an official. Despite this controversy, Bosch's victory was celebrated, including by Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum.
"Be true to yourself"—with this powerful message, Olivia Yacé inspires young people worldwide to embrace self-love and self-confidence. She is also deeply committed to empowering women in Africa.
In addition to Yacé, two other African representatives made it into the top 30: Solange Keita from Rwanda and Lyshanda Moyas from Zimbabwe.
To date, only six women from African countries have won the Miss Universe title:
South Africa: Margaret Gardiner (1978), Demi-Leigh Nel-Peters (2017), Zozibini Tunzi (2019);
Botswana: Mpule Kwelagobe (1999);
Angola: Leila Lopes (2011).
Donnerstag, 20. November 2025
Return of Twelve Lost Ethiopian Artifacts
Return of Twelve Lost Ethiopian Artifacts
to Strengthen Cultural Heritage, Research, and Tourism: Ministry.
Twelve lost Ethiopian artifacts were officially returned to Ethiopia in November 2025. These artifacts, including crowns, shields, and paintings, had been in the possession of a German family for over 100 years, collected by Fritz Weiss, the German envoy to Ethiopia. His grandson, Professor Ramon Weiss, and his niece, Alice Weiss, who had collected them in the 1920s, have now returned them. The handover ceremony took place in Addis Ababa, and the pieces were presented to the Institute of Ethiopian Studies at Addis Ababa University. The Ethiopian side praised the care and dedication of the German family in preserving and returning the artifacts as an important milestone in the protection of Ethiopian cultural heritage. Plans are in place to make the artifacts available to the public soon for research and educational purposes. The return is part of a broader international movement to repatriate African cultural artifacts from private collections and institutions worldwide.
This repatriation underscores the importance of preserving cultural heritage in its country of origin and highlights Ethiopia's ongoing efforts to repatriate other cultural artifacts held abroad.
The artifacts were collected in the 1920s by Fritz Weiss, the German envoy to Ethiopia. His grandson, Professor Ramon Weiss, and his niece, Alice Weiss, have now returned them, according to media reports.
"[The artifacts] offer a unique glimpse into Ethiopian art and crafts of the 1920s," local media quoted Tourism Minister Selamawit Kassa as saying at the handover.
[The artifacts] offer a unique insight into Ethiopian art and crafts of the 1920s. @https://unn.ua/en/news/ethiopia-received-12-historical-artifacts-that-had-been-stored-in-germany-for-over-a-century @https://anewz.tv/culture/culture-news/15460/germany-returns-12-cultural-artefacts-to-ethiopia/news
@https://www.ena.et/web/eng/w/eng_7742734
Mittwoch, 19. November 2025
The Pan African Congress in Accra
Attack on the President of Mali
Attack on the President of Mali
An assassination attempt was made on the President of Mali.
During the Eid al-Adha prayer at the Grand Mosque in Bamako, an attempt was made on the life of Mali's interim president, Colonel Assimi Goita. Goita
was attacked with a knife by an assailant but survived and later confirmed on state television that he was unharmed. The attacker was arrested at the scene and later died in custody during the ongoing investigation. Malian authorities stated that the suspect likely did not act alone, and the investigation is continuing.
Details of the Incident
The attack occurred while worshippers were attending Eid prayers at the Grand Mosque.
Goita was immediately evacuated to safety and remained unharmed, although reports indicate that another person was injured.
Religious Affairs Minister Mamadou Kone confirmed that the attack was a direct attempt to kill the president. However, security forces were able to subdue the attacker.
The investigation suggests further connections to possible accomplices.
Political Context
No clear motives have been identified by the authorities, either officially or in the course of the ongoing investigation, for the attack on Mali's president during the Eid al-Adha holiday. Security sources and government officials confirmed that the incident is being treated as an attempted assassination and a threat to national security. However, details regarding personal, political, or ideological motives have not been released. The attacker's identity has not been made public, and he died before he could be fully questioned.
The attack occurred amid ongoing political tensions in Mali, marked by recent coups and frequent jihadist attacks on state institutions and security forces.
The Malian government remains on high alert due to internal unrest and external threats from militant groups in the region.
The survival of Colonel Goita underscores the ongoing instability and dangers facing the leadership in Mali and reflects the precarious security situation across the entire Sahel region.
https://www.facebook.com/share/r/19JJWPcEVN/
@https://www.africanews.com/2021/07/20/malian-president-survives-assassination-attack/ @https://www.voanews.com/a/africa_mali-interim-leader-says-hes-well-after-assassination-attempt/6208473.html @https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/7/26/man-accused-of-trying-to-kill-mali-president-dies-in-custody @https://www.dw.com/en/mali-assimi-goita-economy-military-rule-junta-wagner-group/a-72949939
@https://press.un.org/en/2024/sc15829.doc.htm
Dienstag, 18. November 2025
US Airstrikes on Somalia
Here is a detailed overview of airstrikes in Somalia for the year 2024, covering the key actors, targets, trends, and notable incidents.
The primary Actor has been the United States, in support of the Federal Government of Somalia, remains the most active.
The primary target has been the Al-Shabaab, the Islamist militant group affiliated with Al-Qaeda.
The Somali government has begun conducting its own airstrikes using a small fleet of AT-29 Super Tucano aircraft, a capability they have been building towards.
Airstrikes are a key component of a "clear and hold" strategy, often used to support Somali National Army (SNA) ground operations, eliminate high-value targets (HVTs), and disrupt Al-Shabaab command and logistics.
---The United States (US Africa Command - AFRICOM)
The U.S. continues its long-standing campaign of counterterrorism airstrikes in Somalia, primarily through drones.
Conducted under the 2001 Authorization for Use of Military Force (AUMF).
AFRICOM publishes press releases for most strikes, often several days after the fact, stating they occurred and reporting casualties if no civilians were harmed.
2024 Statistics and Trends (as of mid-2024):
The pace of U.S. strikes has remained relatively high, consistent with the increased tempo seen since the Biden administration re-established a small, persistent troop presence in 2022.
Strikes are frequently "self-defense" strikes in support of SNA partners who are in contact with Al-Shabaab forces.
There is a continued emphasis on targeting Al-Shabaab leadership and key operatives.
On March 10, 2024 the U.S. airstrike near Jilib killed Maalim Ayman, a senior Al-Shabaab leader responsible for planning the January 2020 attack on Camp Simba in Manda Bay, Kenya, which killed three U.S. personnel. This was a significant high-value target removal.
And on May 2024 several strikes were reported in support of a major Somali military offensive in the Middle Shabelle region, targeting Al-Shabaab fighters attacking SNA troops.
On November 14-15, 2025, U.S. forces targeted al-Shabaab near Kismayo.
In July, a U.S. airstrike targeted ISIS-Somalia southeast of Bossaso, Puntland.
Notable earlier incidents include mass-casualty strikes: 31 al-Shabaab militants killed in Lower Juba on January 1, and 35 ISIS militants in Puntland in March.During the 2025 Shabelle offensive, Somali, Ethiopian, and UAE air forces coordinated strikes, at times killing dozens of militants in single operations. On March 21, Somali forces announced the killing of 82 al-Shabaab fighters in Sabiid and Aanole via six coordinated airstrikes.
The African Union Transition Mission in Somalia (ATMIS) does not conduct offensive airstrikes. Its mandate is primarily to provide ground support to the Somali government and secure key population centers. Any air operations they conduct are for transport, reconnaissance, or medical evacuation.
But there are ther Actors like Turkey. Provides extensive military training and drones to Somalia. While there is no public confirmation of Turkish-operated combat airstrikes in 2024, they provide critical intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) support that likely enables both U.S. and Somali strikes.
And Kenya has conducted cross-border airstrikes in the past, primarily from its side of the border. There have been no major confirmed Kenyan airstrikes inside Somalia in 2024, but they remain a key security partner.
This remains a highly contentious and critical issue.
Both the U.S. and Somali governments state that they take extensive precautions to avoid civilian casualties and that their strikes are precise.
Local media and international human rights organizations (like Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch) frequently report civilian casualties from airstrikes, alleging that non-combatants, including farmers and pastoralists, have been killed.
Most reported strikes in 2025 focused on militant strongholds and gatherings, and statements from U.S. AFRICOM have underscored efforts to avoid civilian casualties, although independent casualty verification is limited.
High-profile militant leaders, including Jaafar Gurey, a Shabaab co-founder, were killed in precision airstrikes during the year.
There is often a significant gap between official accounts (which claim all killed were militants) and local accounts (which claim civilians were among the dead). AFRICOM has a process for investigating civilian casualty allegations, but these investigations are often slow and their findings are disputed.
Most airstrikes are not isolated events but are part of broader military operations by the Somali National Army.
Strikes often target mid-level commanders, tax collectors, and judges to degrade the group's ability to govern and finance itself.
Despite losses, Al-Shabaab remains a potent and resilient force, capable of launching complex attacks on military bases and hotels in the capital, Mogadishu. Airstrikes are one tool to keep pressure on the group.
@https://www.government.nl/binaries/government/documenten/reports/2025/04/04/general-country-of-origin-information-report-on-somalia-april-2025/Country+of+Origin+Information+report+Somalia+2025.pdf
@https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/publications/2024-09/2023_10_EUAA_COI_Report_Syria_Security_Situation.pdf 
Mittwoch, 12. November 2025
The former Congolese rebel leader is on trial in Paris for war crimes
It is likely that few people know that the former Congolese rebel leader is on trial in Paris for war crimes.
The trial of Roger Lumbala began at the Paris International Criminal Court. He is accused of crimes against humanity committed during the Second Congo War (1998–2003), according to Western media reports.
Roger Lumbala Tshitenga (born 1958) is a Congolese politician and former rebel leader who serves as a member of parliament in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and represents the Congolese Democratic and Nationalist Assembly.
Lumbala's Background
Lumbala rose to prominence as the leader of the Congolese Rally for Democracy-National (RCD-N), a rebel group supported by Uganda during the Second Congo War (1998–2002). His group participated in the military operation "Effacer le tableau" (Erase the Tablet) in the resource-rich eastern province of North Kivu Ituri, which targeted the Lendu ethnic group and aimed to seize territory around Beni. He later entered politics and served as a government minister in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
The 67-year-old, who led the Congolese National Assembly (RND), is accused of complicity in atrocities such as executions, torture, and the sexual enslavement of civilians in eastern Congo.
Lumbala's Arrest and Indictment
Lumbala was arrested in Paris in December 2020 under the French principle of universal jurisdiction. This allows for the prosecution of serious international crimes regardless of where they were committed or the perpetrator's nationality. On November 6, 2023, he was indicted for aiding and abetting crimes against humanity, including extrajudicial killings, torture, inhuman treatment, rape, pillaging, and enslavement (including sexual slavery). The crimes were allegedly committed by his forces between 2002 and 2003. The Paris Court of Appeal upheld the indictment on February 28, 2024. Lumbala had previously been suspected of torture and cannibalism in connection with his rebel activities.
Lumbala's ongoing trial
On November 13, 2025, Lumbala's trial began at the Paris Criminal Court. It was the first time a Congolese citizen had been charged in France for atrocities committed during the DRC conflict. The case is considered a milestone on the path to accountability for the victims of the more than 30-year armed conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo, where impunity has long prevailed, and underscores the role of international judicial mechanisms in combating ongoing abuses in the region. Human rights groups, including Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International, hailed the trial as crucial for ending the cycle of violence in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo.
After the conflict, Lumbala was a member of the Congolese transitional government and parliament. He fled to France in 2011 after the Congolese government issued an arrest warrant for him on charges of allegedly supporting the M23 rebel group.
This is the first trial of a Congolese leader under France's principle of universal jurisdiction. A verdict is expected on December 19.
@https://www.hrw.org/news/2025/11/12/trial-of-ex-congolese-warlord-important-step-for-justice
@https://www.amnestyusa.org/press-releases/drc-landmark-trial-in-paris-of-congolese-armed-group-leader-is-a-crucial-step-to-ending-impunity/
Aliko Dangote Invests Over US$1 Billion in Zimbabwe
Aliko Dangote Invests Over US$1 Billion in Zimbabwe
Aliko Dangote is a Nigerian businessman and philanthropist. He is the founder and CEO of the Dangote Group, West Africa's largest conglomerate with operations in 17 African countries. His group is the continent's leading cement manufacturer and is also involved in other sectors, including agriculture and a large oil refining, petrochemical, and fertilizer complex. Dangote Cement Plc is West Africa's largest publicly listed company. By the end of 2025, Dangote was considered the world's richest Black person, with a fortune exceeding US$30 billion, largely due to his cement and oil businesses.
The Dangote Group is a leading cement manufacturer and is also active in other sectors, including agriculture and a large oil refining, petrochemical, and fertilizer complex. Dangote Cement Plc is the largest publicly listed company in West Africa. As a leading African cement manufacturer, Dangote Cement operates cement plants in ten countries with a production capacity of over 51 million tons per year.
He founded the Dangote Group in 1977, initially trading basic foodstuffs such as sugar and rice, before expanding into manufacturing and large-scale industrial projects. Dangote is also known for his philanthropic work through the Aliko Dangote Foundation, which he endowed with US$1.25 billion to promote health, education, and economic empowerment in Africa. He has also received numerous national and international awards, including the title of Grand Commander of the Order of Niger, and has served as an advisor for Nigerian election campaigns and global economic forums.
According to the Zimbabwean Ministry of Information, Aliko Dangote has signed a significant investment agreement for the construction of cement plants, power stations, a fuel pipeline, cement industry facilities, energy sector infrastructure, oil pipelines, and a production facility.
Dangote, which operates cement plants in ten countries, had already expressed interest in investing in Zimbabwe in 2015. Its plans included the construction of a $400 million Dangote Cement Plc plant with an annual processing capacity of 1.5 million tons.
However, this project, along with several others discussed at the time, fell through due to difficult negotiations with then-President Robert Mugabe.
In 2015, Dangote made another attempt and signed an investment agreement with the Zimbabwean government in Harare. The investment comprises an integrated industrial complex with a cement plant, coal mine, and power station, as well as a pipeline for transporting petroleum products. The deal is worth at least $1 billion and represents a significant contribution to Zimbabwe's industrialization. Dangote praised the political stability and transparency under President Emmerson Mnangagwa as key reasons for its renewed investment decision.
In contrast, Dangote praised President Emmerson Mnangagwa for his efforts toward reforms, transparency, and the successful revitalization of the country's economy.
"That has given us confidence that now is the right time to invest," Dangote remarked.
@https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2025-11-12/dangote-says-he-plans-to-invest-up-to-1-billion-in-zimbabwe
@https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aliko_Dangote
Dienstag, 11. November 2025
Why are Kenyans no longer eating out?
Why are Kenyans no longer eating out?
Of course. This is a very topical and important issue in Kenya. While the statement "Kenyans are no longer eating out" is somewhat of an exaggeration, it reflects a clear and visible trend of decline.
The main reason for this is the acute cost of living crisis, which has made dining out a luxury that many can no longer afford. This is due to the following combination of factors:
1. The main reason: Rising prices and shrinking wallets
High inflation is eating away at everything. The cost of food, fuel, and basic necessities has skyrocketed, reducing disposable income. When families struggle to buy basic foodstuffs like maize flour (unga), cooking oil, and vegetables for their own consumption, eating out becomes an unaffordable expense.
And then there are the high taxes. The government has introduced and increased various taxes to generate revenue.
A value-added tax on fuel has been introduced. This has a domino effect on the prices of all goods, including food transportation, increasing the cost of ingredients for both households and restaurants.
The digital tax. It impacts the cost of using food delivery services like Glovo and Uber Eats.
Currency devaluation. The Kenyan shilling has lost significant value against the US dollar. This makes imported goods (such as cooking oil, wheat, and equipment) considerably more expensive, further increasing restaurant operating costs.
2. The Restaurant Dilemma: Rising Operating Costs
To survive, restaurants have been forced to raise their prices, which deters customers.
High food ingredient costs drive up prices. The same inflation that affects households also impacts restaurants even more due to their bulk purchasing.
Energy costs are skyrocketing. The cost of electricity and cooking gas has risen dramatically, making it very expensive to run a kitchen.
Credit costs have increased. Loans for business expansion or to cover liquidity needs are expensive due to high interest rates.
Operating costs are also high. Rent, salaries, and licenses remain high.
The result is double pressure. Customers have less money available, and restaurants have to charge higher prices to survive. This creates a vicious cycle: Fewer customers mean lower revenue, forcing some restaurants to close.
3. Changing Consumption Behavior
Faced with this economic pressure, Kenyans are fundamentally changing their habits. Entertainment and leisure are essentially prioritized, and restaurant visits are the first things to be cut from the household budget. Even those who still go out are much more mindful of their budgets. They prefer cheaper establishments, forgo drinks or desserts, and share meals. Many prefer to cook for themselves or buy from local, informal food stalls (mama mboga and butchers), which are often cheaper than formal restaurants. Going out is being replaced by visits and gatherings at home.
4. The Digital Transformation: Not a Complete Replacement
While delivery apps also suffer from the same economic difficulties, delivery fees, service charges, and the inflated menu prices of these apps significantly increase the final bill compared to eating in a restaurant. And, yes, it remains a luxury; for most, ordering via app is an occasional treat rather than a regular habit due to the high overall costs.
Evidence of the Trend
Numerous articles in Kenyan media report on restaurant closures, empty dining rooms, and owners lamenting the difficult business environment.
Kenyans frequently discuss the high cost of dining out on platforms like Twitter using hashtags such as #NjaaRevolution (Hunger Revolution) and exchange tips for inexpensive meals.
Anyone living in large cities like Nairobi can confirm that the once-busy restaurants, especially on weekdays, are now noticeably emptier.
Conclusion
While Kenyans haven't completely stopped eating out, a large portion of the middle class has significantly reduced the frequency of their meals. What was once a regular social event has now become a rare luxury reserved for special occasions.
The core problem is a strained economy, which has widened the gap between the cost of dining out and the disposable income of the average Kenyan. As long as the overall economic situation doesn't improve, this trend is likely to continue.
@https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/business/enterprise/article/2001533979/why-kenyans-are-no-longer-eating-out
Schistosomiasis (bilharzia) in Kenya
Schistosomiasis in Kenya
Schistosomiasis, also known as bilharzia, is a parasitic disease caused by flatworms of the genus Schistosoma. It is transmitted through contact with freshwater contaminated with parasite larvae. These larvae are released by freshwater snails, the intermediate hosts. People become infected by swimming, wading, or using contaminated water, as the larvae penetrate the skin and enter the bloodstream.
The symptoms of schistosomiasis initially appear mild. Many people only notice their infection when they detect blood in their urine. By this time, the parasite has already begun to damage the body. However, access to treatment remains a significant challenge in endemic areas, and many families only receive medication when community health workers distribute it as part of awareness campaigns in their communities.
The symptoms of schistosomiasis initially appear mild. The disease occurs primarily in tropical and subtropical regions, mainly in Africa, the Middle East, South America, and parts of Asia. Between 200 and 500 million people are regularly exposed to the virus. Initial symptoms include a skin rash and itching (dermatitis), followed by high fever, cough, muscle pain, and fatigue. Chronic infection can cause abdominal pain, diarrhea, blood in the urine or stool, liver and spleen fibrosis, and damage to the urinary and reproductive organs, potentially leading to serious complications such as bladder cancer.
The World Health Organization (WHO) has set a goal of eliminating this disease as a public health problem by 2030. Kenya and its partners are working diligently to achieve this goal through widespread medication distribution and improved sanitation.
Schistosomiasis continues to pose a significant public health challenge in Kenya, particularly in the western regions. Ongoing national campaigns focus on drug treatment and improved sanitation to achieve the elimination targets by 2030, with a particular focus on vulnerable groups, including children.
@https://neurolaunch.com/symptoms-of-schistosomiasis-in-the-brain/
@https://www.the-star.co.ke/health/2025-11-12-inside-kenyas-push-to-eliminate-bilharzia-by-2030
A Look Inside Botswana’s 2025 Impact Report: How Botswana Is Redefining National Development.
A Look Inside Botswana’s 2025 Impact Report: How Botswana Is Redefining National Development.
Botswana’s 2025 Impact Report focuses on the adopted 12th National Development Plan, covering the years April 2025 to March 2030. Its guiding principle is “Building a Diversified and Inclusive Deep Economy for Sustainable Jobs.” With a budget of approximately 388 billion pula (around US$28.8 billion), the plan aims to boost economic growth and create jobs, with a strong emphasis on diversifying away from diamond dependence.
Botswana’s 2025 Impact Report outlines an ambitious, responsible, and citizen-led vision for national transformation—translating the Vision 2036 into measurable progress.
The report’s priorities encompass nine key sectors, including mining and energy, manufacturing, agriculture, tourism, creative industries, infrastructure, and financial services. Furthermore, the report emphasizes the need for innovative, collaborative, and transformative approaches to overcome the challenges of limited fiscal and human resources and to support sustainable development.
Here are the key points:
1. A New Era of Accountability
- Establishment of anti-corruption courts, a forensic audit of public spending (10 years), and the independence of Botswana's National Anti-Corruption Commission.
- Launch of the Mmualebe Listening Tour, which allows citizens to directly participate in shaping national priorities.
"Good governance is not a one-off event, but a culture that develops through transparent decision-making."
2. Botswana's Economic Transformation Program
- 186 projects worth US$38.4 billion, aiming to create 512,000 jobs.
- Anchored in the Big Fast Results Labs model – linking national policy with local opportunities.
- Introduction of the Sovereign Wealth Fund and the National Development Fund to mobilize private investment.
3. Fiscal Reform and Stability
- The government introduced zero-base budgeting and a medium-term financial framework.
- Despite global shocks, Botswana maintained its investment-grade rating.
"Every Pula has to prove itself."
4. Social and Human Development
- Establishment of a health fund with nearly US$374 million, delivery of 130 tons of essential medicines, and elimination of mother-to-child HIV transmission.
- Increase in the old-age pension to approximately US$104; new child benefit of US$22 per month.
"Our youth is not just the future—they are today's workforce."
5. Energy, Mining & Agriculture
- ZemPower Project (US$7 billion): 5.2 GW of solar capacity to make Botswana a net energy exporter.
- Tati Solar (US$113 million): 100 MW power plant under the auspices of SEZA.
- Revitalizing agriculture: 80% of vegetable needs are met locally; the industrial hemp sector is expected to create 100,000 jobs.
6. Housing & Environment
- National Housing Program Bonno: 2,880 housing units under construction, with another 2,373 committed.
- Goal: 100,000 housing units by 2030.
- Monthly national clean-up day and a ban on single-use plastics strengthen civic engagement.
7. Goals of Vision 2036 (2030–2036)
- Cumulative investments: US$529 billion
- 580,000 newly created jobs
- Gross National Income per capita: US$15,730 (income threshold for high-income households)
Furthermore, Botswana anticipates an economic recession in 2024, with a 3% decline in real GDP, followed by an expected recovery and growth of 3.3% in 2025. This economic transformation will be accompanied by the implementation of structural reforms aimed at improving economic resilience and productivity. The strategy also includes initiatives for infrastructure modernization and climate change adaptation, with investments in renewable energy and environmental protection measures.
The report also reflects Botswana's position as a relatively free economic system within sub-Saharan Africa, with an Economic Freedom Index of 69.9 points, ranking 31st globally, as well as socio-economic challenges such as an unemployment rate of 23.4% and inflation of 5.1%.
In summary, the government of Botswana is setting strategic priorities, such as modernizing infrastructure (schools, healthcare, transportation), innovation, digital transformation, and supporting an export-oriented private sector within the framework of the national development plan, Vision 2036.
@https://english.news.cn/africa/20251107/d54a320ee28640f0a979f42220128a55/c.html @https://www.bankofbotswana.bw/sites/default/files/publications/Monetary%20Policy%20Report%20%20-%20April%202025.pdf https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/84530 @https://www.bankofbotswana.bw/sites/default/files/publications/2024-2025%20Budget-In-Brief%20FINAL.pdf
@https://www.statsbots.org.bw/latest-release
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