insecurity in Nigeria.

A security expert has identified corruption, arms diversion, procurement fraud, economic injustice, and rule-of-law violations as the main causes of insecurity and drug trafficking in Nigeria. This position was presented by Dr. Olusegun Awe-Obe in a speech on behalf of security expert Dr. Oluwasegun Musa at the 2025 annual meeting of the Coalition Against Corruption and Poor Governance (CACOBAG), which also celebrated its 25th anniversary in Lagos. According to Musa, corruption remains a significant driver of Nigeria's security problems and the proliferation of hard drugs. Musa stated, "The assertion that combating corruption is the only way to address insecurity and curb the drug scourge to ensure Nigeria's greatness is a compelling argument based on the concept of corruption as the cause or trigger of these other critical national challenges." He added that while corruption is not the sole factor, it plays a central role in addressing the country's deep-seated problems. It can be observed that several other insecurities exist in Nigeria. Particularly in northeastern Nigeria, violent conflicts have persisted for years, perpetrated by the terrorist group Boko Haram and similar groups. These groups carry out attacks, kidnappings, and other acts of violence that severely compromise security. Before the 21st century, Boko Haram was relatively unknown but has since become one of the country's greatest security threats. Since Nigeria's democratization in 1999, conflicts over political power and land have intensified. These escalations lead to insecurity and violence in various regions. Political rivalries and corruption weaken state institutions and hinder effective security. Although religious conflicts are often highlighted in the media, the causes of violence in Nigeria are more complex and extend beyond purely religious conflicts. Tensions exist between different ethnic and religious groups, which can erupt into violence, but these are not the sole or primary causes of insecurity. Poverty, unemployment, and a lack of economic prospects contribute to instability, as they provide fertile ground for recruitment by militant groups and criminal activity. Land conflicts and resource distribution are also key factors leading to local conflicts. The state's ability to guarantee security is limited in many regions. This applies to both the presence and effectiveness of security forces. Finally, corruption and inefficient administration hinder efforts to combat insecurity. And finally, corruption and inefficient administration hinder efforts to combat insecurity. https://www.zeit.de/politik/ausland/2025-11/nigeria-trump-bola-tinubu-hegseth-usa-militaereinsatz-drohung-christen-muslime https://www.ipg-journal.de/regionen/afrika/artikel/jenseits-der-schlagzeilen-8655/ https://saharareporters.com/2025/12/17/corruption-arms-diversion-economic-injustice-fuel-nigerias-insecurity-and-drug-menace https://www.facebook.com/catholicfocusnigeria/posts/hope-does-not-disappoint-working-together-for-a-just-nationa-communiqu%C3%A9-issued-a/1227525872735851